
xploring the question of creolization in the contexts of post-colonialization and of globalization (le Tout-Monde to quote Glissant), Caecilia Tripp, recently invited for a residence at PS 1 in New York, directed a fi lm, The Making of
Americans, a « free-style opera » version of Gertrude Stein’s book. Written in 1908 and published in 1926, The Making of Americans tells in a non-linear fashion the genealogy of American culture, founded on the principles of immigration and diversity. Stein’s writing – she co-authored with Virgil Thompson in 1934 Four Saints and three acts, an opera that played on Broadway at the time when African Americans were segregated–incorporates the ideas of accident, rupture and repetition and anticipates slam and hip hop. With a soundtrack by DJ Spooky ‘the History maker’ playing notably Not in our names by Saul Williams – Caecilia Tripp filmed the rap ‘Diva’ Jean Grae cruising New York in a limo, and the slammer Postell as a street ‘Poet’ preacher, appropriating passages from Stein on the means of variation and digression of spoken word poetry. Another protagonist, the ‘Magician’, animates a marionette before performing a matrix laser show in front of closed theater curtains while two ‘twins’ tap and dance in the tradition of musicals. The characters, each incarnating an idea of spectacle as a metaphor for the construction of the American identity, moving around without ever meeting, in emblematic places of New York: the Apollo Theater (“where stars are born and legends are made”), Times Square, Harlem, the Brooklyn Bridge, Ground Zero…
“Anyone is one”… but at the same time one notices that each character of the film posseses a doppelgänger, a complementary reflection, in a game of back and forth between the individual and the collective, the plenty and the void (the ‘Twins’, but also the absent Twin Towers, the ‘Diva’ and her fans, the ‘Magician’ and his marionette, the ‘DJ’ and the ‘Poet’); the image doubles, splits and mirrors sometimes, the words are repeated, the sounds reverberate in echo, evoking in some way the two turntables of a scratching DJ, replaying history backwards and forwards, in the fashion of Caecilia Tripp’s film based onsampling and mixing, between story and history telling.
ANNE DRESSEN, Paris
Award at the Festival Cinema Paradise in Hawaii, shown at the Mostra of Venice, at the Jeu de Paume in Paris and most recently at the festival de Cannes.
Caecilia Tripp
The Making of Americans
Published January 2006














